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  • Journal article
    Hunt GJ, Cowley SWH, Provan G, Bunce EJ, Alexeev II, Belenkaya ES, Kalegaev VV, Dougherty MK, Coates AJet al., 2014,

    Field-aligned currents in Saturn's southern nightside magnetosphere: Subcorotation and planetary period oscillation components

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Masters A, Achilleos N, Agnor CB, Campagnola S, Charnoz S, Christophe B, Coates AJ, Fletcher LN, Jones GH, Lamy L, Marzari F, Nettelmann N, Ruiz J, Ambrosi R, Andre N, Bhardwaj A, Fortney J, Hansen CJ, Helled R, Moragas-Klostermeyer G, Orton G, Ray L, Reynaud S, Sergis N, Srama R, Volwerk Met al., 2014,

    Neptune and Triton: Essential pieces of the Solar System puzzle

    , PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE, Vol: 104, Pages: 108-121, ISSN: 0032-0633
  • Journal article
    Coustenis A, Atreya S, Castillo J, Coll P, Mueller-Wodarg I, Spilker Let al., 2014,

    Surfaces, atmospheres and magnetospheres of the outer planets and their satellites and ring systems: Part X Preface

    , PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE, Vol: 104, Pages: 1-2, ISSN: 0032-0633
  • Journal article
    Balogh A, Hudson HS, Petrovay K, von Steiger Ret al., 2014,

    Introduction to the Solar Activity Cycle: Overview of Causes and Consequences

    , SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol: 186, Pages: 1-15, ISSN: 0038-6308
  • Journal article
    Arridge CS, Achilleos N, Agarwal J, Agnor CB, Ambrosi R, Andre N, Badman SV, Baines K, Banfield D, Barthelemy M, Bisi MM, Blum J, Bocanegra-Bahamon T, Bonfond B, Bracken C, Brandt P, Briand C, Briois C, Brooks S, Castillo-Rogez J, Cavalie T, Christophe B, Coates AJ, Collinson G, Cooper JF, Costa-Sitja M, Courtin R, Daglis IA, De Pater I, Desai M, Dirkx D, Dougherty MK, Ebert RW, Filacchione G, Fletcher LN, Fortney J, Gerth I, Grassi D, Grodent D, Grun E, Gustin J, Hedman M, Helled R, Henri P, Hess S, Hillier JK, Hofstadter MH, Holme R, Horanyi M, Hospodarsky G, Hsu S, Irwin P, Jackman CM, Karatekin O, Kempf S, Khalisi E, Konstantinidis K, Kruger H, Kurth WS, Labrianidis C, Lainey V, Lamy LL, Laneuville M, Lucchesi D, Luntzer A, MacArthur J, Maier A, Masters A, McKenna-Lawlor S, Melin H, Milillo A, Moragas-Klostermeyer G, Morschhauser A, Moses JI, Mousis O, Nettelmann N, Neubauer FM, Nordheim T, Noyelles B, Orton GS, Owens M, Peron R, Plainaki C, Postberg F, Rambaux N, Retherford K, Reynaud S, Roussos E, Russell CT, Rymer A, Sallantin R, Sanchez-Lavega A, Santolik O, Saur J, Sayanagi K, Schenk P, Schubert J, Sergis N, Sittler EC, Smith A, Spahn F, Srama R, Stallard T, Sterken V, Sternovsky Z, Tiscareno M, Tobie G, Tosi F, Trieloff M, Turrini D, Turtle EP, Vinatier S, Wilson R, Zarkat Pet al., 2014,

    The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets

    , PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE, Vol: 104, Pages: 122-140, ISSN: 0032-0633
  • Journal article
    Chen CHK, Leung L, Boldyrev S, Maruca BA, Bale SDet al., 2014,

    Ion-scale spectral break of solar wind turbulence at high and low beta

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 41, Pages: 8081-8088, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Vigren E, Galand M, Yelle RV, Wellbrock A, Coates AJ, Snowden D, Cui J, Lavvas P, Edberg NJT, Shebanits O, Wahlund J-E, Vuitton V, Mandt Ket al., 2014,

    Ionization balance in Titan's nightside ionosphere

    , Icarus, Vol: 248, Pages: 539-546, ISSN: 0019-1035
  • Journal article
    Lacombe C, Alexandrova O, Matteini L, Santolik O, Cornilleau-Wehrlin N, Mangeney A, de Conchy Y, Maksimovic Met al., 2014,

    Whistler mode waves and the electron heat flux in the Solar wind: cluster observations

    , The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 796, Pages: 1-11, ISSN: 0004-637X

    The nature of the magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind between the ion and electron scales is still under debate. Using the Cluster/STAFF instrument, we make a survey of the power spectral density and of the polarization of these fluctuations at frequencies f in [1, 400] Hz, during five years (2001-2005), when Cluster was in the free solar wind. In ~10% of the selected data, we observe narrowband, right-handed, circularly polarized fluctuations, with wave vectors quasi-parallel to the mean magnetic field, superimposed on the spectrum of the permanent background turbulence. We interpret these coherent fluctuations as whistler mode waves. The lifetime of these waves varies between a few seconds and several hours. Here, we present, for the first time, an analysis of long-lived whistler waves, i.e., lasting more than five minutes. We find several necessary (but not sufficient) conditions for the observation of whistler waves, mainly a low level of background turbulence, a slow wind, a relatively large electron heat flux, and a low electron collision frequency. When the electron parallel beta factor β e∥ is larger than 3, the whistler waves are seen along the heat flux threshold of the whistler heat flux instability. The presence of such whistler waves confirms that the whistler heat flux instability contributes to the regulation of the solar wind heat flux, at least for β e∥ ≥ 3, in slow wind at 1 AU.
  • Journal article
    Weiss Z, Steers EBM, Pickering JC, Mushtaq Set al., 2014,

    Excitation and transition rate diagrams of singly ionized iron in analytical glow discharges in argon, neon and an argon-hydrogen mixture

    , JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, Vol: 29, Pages: 2078-2090, ISSN: 0267-9477
  • Journal article
    Ball WT, Krivova NA, Unruh YC, Haigh JD, Solanki SKet al., 2014,

    A new SATIRE-S spectral solar irradiance reconstruction for solar cycles 21-23 and its implications for stratospheric Ozone

    , Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol: 71, Pages: 4086-4101, ISSN: 0022-4928

    The authors present a revised and extended total and spectral solar irradiance (SSI) reconstruction, which includes a wavelength-dependent uncertainty estimate, spanning the last three solar cycles using the Spectral and Total Irradiance Reconstruction—Satellite era (SATIRE-S) model. The SSI reconstruction covers wavelengths between 115 and 160 000 nm and all dates between August 1974 and October 2009. This represents the first full-wavelength SATIRE-S reconstruction to cover the last three solar cycles without data gaps and with an uncertainty estimate. SATIRE-S is compared with the Naval Research Laboratory Spectral Solar Irradiance (NRLSSI) model and ultraviolet (UV) observations from the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment (SOLSTICE). SATIRE-S displays similar cycle behavior to NRLSSI for wavelengths below 242 nm and almost twice the variability between 242 and 310 nm. During the decline of the last solar cycle, between 2003 and 2008, the SSI from SORCE SOLSTICE versions 12 and 10 typically displays more than 3 times the variability of SATIRE-S between 200 and 300 nm. All three datasets are used to model changes in stratospheric ozone within a 2D atmospheric model for a decline from high solar activity to solar minimum. The different flux changes result in different modeled ozone trends. Using NRLSSI leads to a decline in mesospheric ozone, while SATIRE-S and SORCE SOLSTICE result in an increase. Recent publications have highlighted increases in mesospheric ozone when considering version 10 SORCE SOLSTICE irradiances. The recalibrated SORCE SOLSTICE version 12 irradiances result in a much smaller mesospheric ozone response than that of version 10, and this smaller mesospheric ozone response is similar in magnitude to that of SATIRE-S. This shows that current knowledge of variations in spectral irradiance is not sufficient to warrant robust conclusions concerning the impact of solar variability on th
  • Journal article
    Mushtaq S, Steers EBM, Pickering JC, Smid Pet al., 2014,

    Enhancement of analyte atomic lines with excitation energies of about 5 eV in the presence of molecular gases in analytical glow discharges

    , JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, Vol: 29, Pages: 2022-2026, ISSN: 0267-9477
  • Journal article
    Mushtaq S, Steers EBM, Pickering JC, Weinstein Vet al., 2014,

    Effect of small quantities of oxygen in a neon glow discharge

    , JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, Vol: 29, Pages: 2027-2041, ISSN: 0267-9477
  • Journal article
    Nordheim TA, Jones GH, Roussos E, Leisner JS, Coates AJ, Kurth WS, Khurana KK, Krupp N, Dougherty MK, Waite JHet al., 2014,

    Detection of a strongly negative surface potential at Saturn's moon Hyperion

    , Geophysical Research Letters, Vol: 41, Pages: 7011-7018, ISSN: 1944-8007

    On 26 September 2005, Cassini conducted its only close targeted flyby of Saturn’s small, irregularlyshaped moon Hyperion. Approximately 6 min before the closest approach, the electron spectrometer (ELS),part of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) detected a field-aligned electron population originating fromthe direction of the moon’s surface. Plasma wave activity detected by the Radio and Plasma Wave instrumentsuggests electron beam activity. A dropout in energetic electrons was observed by both CAPS-ELS and theMagnetospheric Imaging Instrument Low-Energy Magnetospheric Measurement System, indicating that themoon and the spacecraft were magnetically connected when the field-aligned electron population wasobserved. We show that this constitutes a remote detection of a strongly negative (~ 200 V) surface potentialon Hyperion, consistent with the predicted surface potential in regions near the solar terminator.
  • Journal article
    Phan TD, Drake JF, Shay MA, Gosling JT, Paschmann G, Eastwood JP, Oieroset M, Fujimoto M, Angelopoulos Vet al., 2014,

    Ion bulk heating in magnetic reconnection exhausts at Earth's magnetopause: Dependence on the inflow Alfven speed and magnetic shear angle

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 41, Pages: 7002-7010, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Archer MO, Turner DL, Eastwood JP, Horbury TS, Schwartz SJet al., 2014,

    The role of pressure gradients in driving sunward magnetosheath flows and magnetopause motion

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, Pages: 8117-8125, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Slavin JA, DiBraccio GA, Gershman DJ, Imber SM, Poh GK, Raines JM, Zurbuchen TH, Jia X, Baker DN, Glassmeier K-H, Livi SA, Boardsen SA, Cassidy TA, Sarantos M, Sundberg T, Masters A, Johnson CL, Winslow RM, Anderson BJ, Korth H, McNutt RL, Solomon SCet al., 2014,

    MESSENGER observations of Mercury's dayside magnetosphere under extreme solar wind conditions

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, Pages: 8087-8116, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Rieutord M, Beth A, 2014,

    Dynamics of the radiative envelope of rapidly rotating stars: Effects of spin-down driven by mass loss

    , ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, Vol: 570, ISSN: 0004-6361
  • Journal article
    Jinks SL, Bunce EJ, Cowley SWH, Provan G, Yeoman TK, Arridge CS, Dougherty MK, Gurnett DA, Krupp N, Kurth WS, Mitchell DG, Morooka M, Wahlund J-Eet al., 2014,

    Cassini multi-instrument assessment of Saturn's polar cap boundary

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, Pages: 8161-8177, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Moore L, O'Donoghue J, Mueller-Wodarg I, Galand M, Mendillo Met al., 2014,

    Saturn ring rain: Model estimates of water influx into Saturn's atmosphere

    , Icarus, Vol: 245, Pages: 355-366, ISSN: 0019-1035
  • Journal article
    Gryspeerdt E, Stier P, Partridge DG, 2014,

    Links between satellite-retrieved aerosol and precipitation

    , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol: 14, Pages: 9677-9694, ISSN: 1680-7324
  • Journal article
    Ball WT, Mortlock DJ, Egerton JS, Haigh JDet al., 2014,

    Assessing the relationship between spectral solar irradiance and stratospheric ozone using Bayesian inference

    , JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE, Vol: 4, ISSN: 2115-7251
  • Journal article
    Varsani A, Owen CJ, Fazakerley AN, Forsyth C, Walsh AP, Andre M, Dandouras I, Carr CMet al., 2014,

    Cluster observations of the substructure of a flux transfer event: analysis of high-time-resolution particle data

    , ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE, Vol: 32, Pages: 1093-1117, ISSN: 0992-7689
  • Journal article
    Provan G, Lamy L, Cowley SWH, Dougherty MKet al., 2014,

    Planetary period oscillations in Saturn's magnetosphere: Comparison of magnetic oscillations and SKR modulations in the postequinox interval

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Newton B, Cowie S, Rijks D, Banks J, Brindley H, Marsham JHet al., 2014,

    SOLAR COOKING IN THE SAHEL

    , BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 95, Pages: 1325-1328, ISSN: 0003-0007
  • Journal article
    Cheung JCH, Haigh JD, Jackson DR, 2014,

    Impact of EOS MLS ozone data on medium-extended range ensemble weather forecasts

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 119, Pages: 9253-9266, ISSN: 2169-897X
  • Journal article
    Yang YY, Shen C, Zhang YC, Rong ZJ, Li X, Dunlop M, Ma YH, Liu ZX, Carr CM, Reme Het al., 2014,

    The force-free configuration of flux ropes in geomagnetotail: Cluster observations

    , Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol: 119, Pages: 6327-6341, ISSN: 2169-9402

    Unambiguous knowledge of magnetic field structure and the electric current distribution is critical for understanding the origin, evolution, and related dynamic properties of magnetic flux ropes (MFRs). In this paper, a survey of 13 MFRs in the Earth's magnetotail are conducted by Cluster multipoint analysis, so that their force-free feature, i.e., the kind of magnetic field structure satisfying J × B = 0, can be probed directly. It is showed that the selected flux ropes with the bipolar signature of the south-north magnetic field component generally lie near the equatorial plane, as expected, and that the magnetic field gradient is rather weak near the axis center, where the curvature radius is large. The current density (up to several tens of nA/m2) reaches their maximum values as the center is approached. It is found that the stronger the current density, the smaller the angles between the magnetic field and current in MFRs. The direct observations show that only quasi force-free structure is observed, and it tends to appear in the low plasma beta regime (in agreement with the theoretic results). The quasi force-free region is generally found to be embedded in the central portion of the MFRs, where the current is approximately field aligned and proportional to the strength of core field. It is shown that ~60% of surveyed MFRs can be globally approximated as force free. The force-free factor α is found to be nonconstantly varied through the quasi force-free MFR, suggesting that the force-free structure is nonlinear.
  • Journal article
    Pulupa MP, Salem C, Phan TD, Gosling JT, Bale SDet al., 2014,

    CORE ELECTRON HEATING IN SOLAR WIND RECONNECTION EXHAUSTS

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, Vol: 791, ISSN: 2041-8205
  • Journal article
    Oieroset M, Sundkvist D, Chaston CC, Phan TD, Mozer FS, McFadden JP, Angelopoulos V, Andersson L, Eastwood JPet al., 2014,

    Observations of plasma waves in the colliding jet region of amagnetic flux rope flanked by two active X lines at the subsolar magnetopause

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 119, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Reveret V, de la Broise X, Fermon C, Pannetier-Lecoeur M, Pigot C, Rodriguez L, Sauvageot J-L, Jin Y, Marnieros S, Bouchier D, Putzeys J, Long Y, Kiss C, Kiraly S, Barbera M, Lo Cicero U, Brown P, Carr C, Whiteside Bet al., 2014,

    CESAR: Cryogenic Electronics for Space Applications

    , JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS, Vol: 176, Pages: 446-452, ISSN: 0022-2291
  • Journal article
    Chakravorty S, Gnanaseelan C, Chowdary JS, Luo Jet al., 2014,

    Relative role of <scp>E</scp>l <scp>N</scp>iño and IOD forcing on the southern tropical <scp>I</scp>ndian <scp>O</scp>cean <scp>R</scp>ossby waves

    , Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, Vol: 119, Pages: 5105-5122, ISSN: 2169-9275

    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The role of local air‐sea interactions over the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) and remote forcing from the tropical Pacific Ocean in the formation and maintenance of southern TIO Rossby waves during El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years is investigated. These Rossby waves are significantly intensified during the El Niño and IOD cooccurrence years, as compared to those during pure El Niño or IOD years. Coupled ocean‐atmosphere model sensitivity experiments reveal that air‐sea coupled processes in the TIO are responsible for the Rossby wave formation and its maintenance from boreal summer to fall, while remote forcing from the Pacific intensifies and maintains these waves up to the following spring. During the cooccurrence years, the Rossby waves are generated by both the persistent equatorial easterlies and off‐equatorial wind stress curl. During pure El Niño years, however, only off‐equatorial wind stress curl exists to drive weak Rossby wave. Asymmetric heating associated with IOD and the mean background easterly vertical wind shear (in the northern hemisphere) during summer and fall excite two symmetric anticyclones in both sides of the equator as atmospheric Rossby wave response, which are responsible for the anomalous equatorial surface easterlies. In contrast, symmetric heat sink over the Maritime Continent in winter associated with El Niño‐induced subsidence and mean easterly vertical shear (in southern hemisphere) are responsible for strong anticyclone in the southern TIO, which supports off‐equatorial wind stress curl.</jats:p>

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