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  • Journal article
    Horbury T, Woolley T, Laker R, Matteini L, Eastwood J, Bale SD, Velli M, Chandran BDG, Phan T, Raouafi NE, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Pulupa M, Klein KG, De Wit TD, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens ML, Whittlesey P, Larson D, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Livi Ret al., 2020,

    Sharp Alfvenic impulses in the near-Sun solar wind

    , The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 246, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 0004-637X

    Measurements of the near-Sun solar wind by Parker Solar Probe have revealed the presence of largenumbers of discrete Alfv ́enic impulses with an anti-Sunward sense of propagation. These are similarto those previously observed near 1 AU, in high speed streams over the Sun’s poles and at 60 solarradii. At 35 solar radii, however, they are typically shorter and sharper than seen elsewhere. Inaddition, these spikes occur in “patches” and there are also clear periods within the same stream whenthey do not occur; the timescale of these patches might be related to the rate at which the spacecraftmagnetic footpoint tracks across the coronal hole from which the plasma originated. While the velocityfluctuations associated with these spikes are typically under 100 km/s, due to the rather low Alfv ́enspeeds in the streams observed by the spacecraft to date, these are still associated with large angulardeflections of the magnetic field - and these deflections are not isotropic. These deflections do notappear to be related to the recently reported large scale, pro-rotation solar wind flow. Estimates ofthe size and shape of the spikes reveal high aspect ratio flow-aligned structures with a transverse scaleof≈104km. These events might be signatures of near-Sun impulsive reconnection events.
  • Journal article
    Nemecek Z, Durovcova T, Safrankova J, Nemec F, Matteini L, Stansby D, Janitzek N, Berger L, Wimmer-Schweingruber RFet al., 2020,

    What is the solar wind frame of reference?

    , The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 889, Pages: 1-14, ISSN: 0004-637X

    Various solar wind ion species move with different speeds and theoretical considerations as well as limited observations in a region close to the Sun show that heavy solar wind ions tend to flow faster than protons, at least in less-aged fast solar wind streams. The solar wind flow carries the frozen-in interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and this situation evokes three related questions: (i) what is the proper solar wind speed, (ii) is this speed equal to the speed of the dominant component, whatever that may be, and (iii) what is the speed of the magnetic field? We show that simple theoretical considerations based on the MHD approximation as well as on the dynamics of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields suggest that the IMF velocity of motion (de Hoffmann–Teller (HT) velocity) would be deliberated as the velocity appropriate for solar wind studies. Our analysis based on the Wind, Helios, ACE, and SOHO observations of differential streaming of solar wind populations shows that their energy is conserved in the HT frame. On the other hand, the noise and temporal resolution of the data do not allow us to decide whether the total momentum is also conserved in this frame.
  • Journal article
    Chen CHK, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Borovikov D, Bowen TA, Burgess D, Case AW, Chandran BDG, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Mallet A, McManus MD, Moncuquet M, Pulupa M, Stevens ML, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    The Evolution and Role of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Martinovic MM, Klein KG, Kasper JC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Chandran BDG, Alterman BL, Huang J, Chen CHK, Bale SD, Pulupa M, Malaspina DM, Bonnell JW, Harvey PR, Goetz K, de Wit TD, MacDowall RJet al., 2020,

    The Enhancement of Proton Stochastic Heating in the Near-Sun Solar Wind

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Giacalone J, Mitchell DG, Allen RC, Hill ME, McNutt RL, Szalay JR, Desai M, Rouillard AP, Kouloumvakos A, McComas DJ, Christian ER, Schwadron NA, Wiedenbeck ME, Bale S, Brown LE, Case A, Chen X, Cohen CMS, Joyce C, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Korreck K, Larson E, Livi R, Leske RA, MacDowall RJ, Matthaeus WH, Mewaldt RA, Nieves-Chinchilla T, Pulupa M, Roelof EC, Stevens ML, Szabo A, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

    Solar Energetic Particles Produced by a Slow Coronal Mass Ejection at similar to 0.25 au

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Tenerani A, Velli M, Matteini L, Reville V, Shi C, Bale SD, Kasper JC, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Klein KG, Korreck K, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    Magnetic field kinks and folds in the solar wind

    , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol: 246, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 0067-0049

    Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations during its first encounter at 35.7 R ⊙ have shown the presence of magnetic field lines that are strongly perturbed to the point that they produce local inversions of the radial magnetic field, known as switchbacks. Their counterparts in the solar wind velocity field are local enhancements in the radial speed, or jets, displaying (in all components) the velocity–magnetic field correlation typical of large amplitude Alfvén waves propagating away from the Sun. Switchbacks and radial jets have previously been observed over a wide range of heliocentric distances by Helios, Wind, and Ulysses, although they were prevalent in significantly faster streams than seen at PSP. Here we study via numerical magnetohydrodynamics simulations the evolution of such large amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations by including, in agreement with observations, both a radial magnetic field inversion and an initially constant total magnetic pressure. Despite the extremely large excursion of magnetic and velocity fields, switchbacks are seen to persist for up to hundreds of Alfvén crossing times before eventually decaying due to the parametric decay instability. Our results suggest that such switchback/jet configurations might indeed originate in the lower corona and survive out to PSP distances, provided the background solar wind is sufficiently calm, in the sense of not being pervaded by strong density fluctuations or other gradients, such as stream or magnetic field shears, that might destabilize or destroy them over shorter timescales.
  • Journal article
    Leske RA, Christian ER, Cohen CMS, Cummings AC, Davis AJ, Desai M, Giacalone J, Hill ME, Joyce CJ, Krimigis SM, Labrador AW, Malandraki O, Matthaeus WH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mewaldt RA, Mitchell DG, Posner A, Rankin JS, Roelof EC, Schwadron NA, Stone EC, Szalay JR, Wiedenbeck ME, Vourlidas A, Bale SD, MacDowall RJ, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Allen RC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Livi R, Stevens ML, Whittlesey P, Poduval Bet al., 2020,

    Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at theParker Solar Probe

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Stansby D, Matteini L, Horbury TS, Perrone D, D'Amicis R, Bercic Let al., 2020,

    The origin of slow Alfvenic solar wind at solar minimum

    , Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol: 492, Pages: 39-44, ISSN: 0035-8711

    Although the origins of slow solar wind are unclear, there is increasing evidence that at least some of it is released in a steady state on overexpanded coronal hole magnetic field lines. This type of slow wind has similar properties to the fast solar wind, including strongly Alfvénic fluctuations. In this study, a combination of proton, alpha particle, and electron measurements are used to investigate the kinetic properties of a single interval of slow Alfvénic wind at 0.35 au. It is shown that this slow Alfvénic interval is characterized by high alpha particle abundances, pronounced alpha–proton differential streaming, strong proton beams, and large alpha-to-proton temperature ratios. These are all features observed consistently in the fast solar wind, adding evidence that at least some Alfvénic slow solar wind also originates in coronal holes. Observed differences between speed, mass flux, and electron temperature between slow Alfvénic and fast winds are explained by differing magnetic field geometry in the lower corona.
  • Journal article
    de Wit TD, Krasnoselskikh VV, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Bowen TA, Chen CHK, Froment C, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Jagarlamudi VK, Larosa A, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Matthaeus WH, Pulupa M, Velli M, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

    Switchbacks in the Near-Sun Magnetic Field: Long Memory and Impact on the Turbulence Cascade

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Szalay JR, Pokorny P, Bale SD, Christian ER, Goetz K, Goodrich K, Hill ME, Kuchner M, Larsen R, Malaspina D, McComas DJ, Mitchell D, Page B, Schwadron Net al., 2020,

    The Near-Sun Dust Environment: Initial Observations fromParker Solar Probe

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Bandyopadhyay R, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Parashar TN, Ruffolo D, Chhiber R, Usmanov A, Chasapis A, Qudsi R, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Dudok de Wit T, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Klein KG, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

    Enhanced Energy Transfer Rate in Solar Wind Turbulence Observed near the Sun from Parker Solar Probe

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Duan D, Bowen TA, Chen CHK, Mallet A, He J, Bale SD, Vech D, Kasper JC, Pulupa M, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Korreck KE, Larson D, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    The Radial Dependence of Proton-scale Magnetic Spectral Break in Slow Solar Wind during <i>PSP</i> Encounter 2

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Pulupa M, Bale SD, Badman ST, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Hegedus AM, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Krasnoselskikh V, Larson D, Lecacheux A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Maksimovic M, Malaspina DM, Martinez Oliveros JC, Meyer-Vernet N, Moncuquet M, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    Statistics and Polarization of Type III Radio Bursts Observed in the Inner Heliosphere

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Mozer FS, Agapitov OV, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Goetz K, Goodrich KA, Gore R, Harvey PR, Kellogg PJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Schumm Get al., 2020,

    Time Domain Structures and Dust in the Solar Vicinity: <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Observations

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Zhao L-L, Zank GP, Adhikari L, Hu Q, Kasper JC, Bale SD, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Larson DE, Livi R, Whittlesey P, Klein KGet al., 2020,

    Identification of Magnetic Flux Ropes from <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> Observations during the First Encounter

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Qudsi RA, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Parashar TN, Bandyopadhyay R, Chhiber R, Chasapis A, Goldstein ML, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

    Observations of Heating along Intermittent Structures in the Inner Heliosphere from <i>PSP</i> Data

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Rouillard AP, Kouloumvakos A, Vourlidas A, Kasper J, Bale S, Raouafi N-E, Lavraud B, Howard RA, Stenborg G, Stevens M, Poirier N, Davies JA, Hess P, Higginson AK, Lavarra M, Viall NM, Korreck K, Pinto RF, Griton L, Reville V, Louarn P, Wu Y, Dalmasse K, Genot V, Case AW, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Halekas JS, Livi R, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Bonnell J, de Witt TD, Penou Eet al., 2020,

    Relating Streamer Flows to Density and Magnetic Structures at the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Panasenco O, Velli M, D'Amicis R, Shi C, Reville V, Bale SD, Badman ST, Kasper J, Korreck K, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Case AW, Larson D, Livi R, Stevens M, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    Exploring Solar Wind Origins and Connecting Plasma Flows from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> to 1 au: Nonspherical Source Surface and Alfvenic Fluctuations

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Chhiber R, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Chasapis A, Matthaeus WH, Ruffolo D, Bandyopadhyay R, Parashar TN, Qudsi R, de Wit TD, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

    Clustering of Intermittent Magnetic and Flow Structures near <i>Parker</i> <i>Solar Probe</i>'s First Perihelion-A Partial-variance-of-increments Analysis

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Szabo A, Larson D, Whittlesey P, Stevens ML, Lavraud B, Phan T, Wallace S, Jones-Mecholsky S, Arge CN, Badman ST, Odstrcil D, Pogorelov N, Kim T, Riley P, Henney CJ, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey P, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Koval A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa Met al., 2020,

    The Heliospheric Current Sheet in the Inner Heliosphere Observed by the<i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Parashar TN, Goldstein ML, Maruca BA, Matthaeus WH, Ruffolo D, Bandyopadhyay R, Chhiber R, Chasapis A, Qudsi R, Vech D, Roberts DA, Bale SD, Bonnell JW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Case AW, Stevens M, Whittlesey P, Larson D, Livi R, Velli M, Raouafi Net al., 2020,

    Measures of Scale-dependent Alfvenicity in the First <i>PSP</i> Solar Encounter

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Moncuquet M, Meyer-Vernet N, Issautier K, Pulupa M, Bonnell JW, Bale SD, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Griton L, Harvey PR, MacDowall RJ, Maksimovic M, Malaspina DMet al., 2020,

    First In Situ Measurements of Electron Density and Temperature from Quasi-thermal Noise Spectroscopy with <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>/FIELDS

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Nieves-Chinchilla T, Szabo A, Korreck KE, Alzate N, Balmaceda LA, Lavraud B, Paulson K, Narock AA, Wallace S, Jian LK, Luhmann JG, Morgan H, Higginson A, Arge CN, Bale SD, Case AW, de Wit TD, Giacalone J, Goetz K, Harvey PR, Jones-Melosky SI, Kasper JC, Larson DE, Livi R, McComas DJ, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Pulupa M, Raouafi NE, Schwadron N, Stevens ML, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

    Analysis of the Internal Structure of the Streamer Blowout Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> During the First Solar Encounter

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Maksimovic M, Bale SD, Bercic L, Bonnell JW, Case AW, de Wit TD, Goetz K, Halekas JS, Harvey PR, Issautier K, Kasper JC, Korreck KE, Jagarlamudi VK, Lahmiti N, Larson DE, Lecacheux A, Livi R, MacDowall RJ, Malaspina DM, Martinovic MM, Meyer-Vernet N, Moncuquet M, Pulupa M, Salem C, Stevens ML, Stverak S, Velli M, Whittlesey PLet al., 2020,

    Anticorrelation between the Bulk Speed and the Electron Temperature in the Pristine Solar Wind: First Results from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i> and Comparison with <i>Helios</i>

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Vech D, Kasper JC, Klein KG, Huang J, Stevens ML, Chen CHK, Case AW, Korreck K, Bale SD, Bowen TA, Whittlesey PL, Livi R, Larson DE, Malaspina D, Pulupa M, Bonnell J, Harvey P, Goetz K, de Wit TD, MacDowall Ret al., 2020,

    Kinetic-scale Spectral Features of Cross Helicity and Residual Energy in the Inner Heliosphere

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Cohen CMS, Christian ER, Cummings AC, Davis AJ, Desai MI, Giacalone J, Hill ME, Joyce CJ, Labrador AW, Leske RA, Matthaeus WH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mewaldt RA, Mitchell DG, Rankin JS, Roelof EC, Schwadron NA, Stone EC, Szalay JR, Wiedenbeck ME, Allen RC, Ho GC, Jian LK, Lario D, Odstrcil D, Bale SD, Badman ST, Pulupa M, MacDowall RJ, Kasper JC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Larson DE, Livi R, Stevens ML, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    Energetic Particle Increases Associated with Stream Interaction Regions

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Desai MI, Mitchell DG, Szalay JR, Roelof EC, Giacalone J, Hill ME, McComas DJ, Christian ER, Schwadron NA, McNutt RL, Wiedenbeck ME, Joyce C, Cohen CMS, Ebert RW, Dayeh MA, Allen RC, Davis AJ, Krimigis SM, Leske RA, Matthaeus WH, Malandraki O, Mewaldt RA, Labrador A, Stone EC, Bale SD, Pulupa M, MacDowall RJ, Kasper JCet al., 2020,

    Properties of Suprathermal-through-energetic He Ions Associated with Stream Interaction Regions Observed over the <i>Parker Solar Probe's</i> First Two Orbits

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Schwadron NA, Bale S, Bonnell J, Case A, Christian ER, Cohen CMS, Cummings AC, Davis AJ, de Wit TD, de Wet W, Desai MI, Joyce CJ, Goetz K, Giacalone J, Gorby M, Harvey P, Heber B, Hill ME, Karavolos M, Kasper JC, Korreck K, Larson D, Livi R, Leske RA, Malandraki O, MacDowall R, Malaspina D, Matthaeus WH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mewaldt RA, Mitchell DG, Mays L, Niehof JT, Odstrcil D, Pulupa M, Poduval B, Rankin JS, Roelof EC, Stevens M, Stone EC, Szalay JR, Wiedenbeck ME, Winslow R, Whittlesey Pet al., 2020,

    Seed Population Preconditioning and Acceleration Observed by the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Mitchell DG, Giacalone J, Allen RC, Hill ME, McNutt RL, McComas DJ, Szalay JR, Schwadron NA, Rouillard AP, Bale SB, Chaston CC, Pulupa MP, Whittlesey PL, Kasper JC, MacDowall RJ, Christian ER, Wiedenbeck ME, Matthaeus WHet al., 2020,

    CME-associated Energetic Ions at 0.23 au: Consideration of the Auroral Pressure Cooker Mechanism Operating in the Low Corona as a Possible Energization Process

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049
  • Journal article
    Halekas JS, Whittlesey P, Larson DE, McGinnis D, Maksimovic M, Berthomier M, Kasper JC, Case AW, Korreck KE, Stevens ML, Klein KG, Bale SD, MacDowall RJ, Pulupa MP, Malaspina DM, Goetz K, Harvey PRet al., 2020,

    Electrons in the Young Solar Wind: First Results from the <i>Parker Solar Probe</i>

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, Vol: 246, ISSN: 0067-0049

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