BibTex format
@article{Fisher:2018:10.1038/s41598-018-24472-2,
author = {Fisher, MC and Ghosh, P and Shelton, JMG and Bates, K and Brookes, L and Wierzbicki, C and Rosa, GM and Farrer, RA and Aanensen, DM and Alvarado-Rybak, M and Bataille, A and Berger, L and Boell, S and Bosch, J and Clare, FC and Courtois, EA and Crottini, A and Cunningham, AA and Doherty-Bone, TM and Gebresenbet, F and Gower, DJ and Hoglund, J and James, TY and Jenkinson, TS and Kosch, TA and Lambertini, C and Laurila, A and Lin, C-F and Loyau, A and Martel, A and Meurling, S and Miaud, C and Minting, P and Ndriantsoa, S and O'Hanlon, SJ and Pasmans, F and Rakotonanahary, T and Rabemananjara, FCE and Ribeiro, LP and Schmeller, DS and Schmidt, BR and Skerratt, L and Smith, F and Soto-Azat, C and Tessa, G and Toledo, LF and Valenzuela-Sanchez, A and Verster, R and Voeroes, J and Waldman, B and Webb, RJ and Weldon, C and Wombwell, E and Zamudio, KR and Longcore, JE and Garner, TWJ},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-24472-2},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
title = {Development and worldwide use of non-lethal, and minimal population-level impact, protocols for the isolation of amphibian chytrid fungi},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24472-2},
volume = {8},
year = {2018}
}
RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)
TY - JOUR
AB - Parasitic chytrid fungi have emerged as a significant threat to amphibian species worldwide, necessitating the development of techniques to isolate these pathogens into culture for research purposes. However, early methods of isolating chytrids from their hosts relied on killing amphibians. We modified a pre-existing protocol for isolating chytrids from infected animals to use toe clips and biopsies from toe webbing rather than euthanizing hosts, and distributed the protocol to researchers as part of the BiodivERsA project RACE; here called the RML protocol. In tandem, we developed a lethal procedure for isolating chytrids from tadpole mouthparts. Reviewing a database of use a decade after their inception, we find that these methods have been applied across 5 continents, 23 countries and in 62 amphibian species. Isolation of chytrids by the non-lethal RML protocol occured in 18% of attempts with 207 fungal isolates and three species of chytrid being recovered. Isolation of chytrids from tadpoles occured in 43% of attempts with 334 fungal isolates of one species (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) being recovered. Together, these methods have resulted in Non-lethal isolation of chytrids from amphibiansa si gnificant reduction and refinement of our use of threatened amphibian species and have improved our ability to work with this group of emerging pathogens.
AU - Fisher,MC
AU - Ghosh,P
AU - Shelton,JMG
AU - Bates,K
AU - Brookes,L
AU - Wierzbicki,C
AU - Rosa,GM
AU - Farrer,RA
AU - Aanensen,DM
AU - Alvarado-Rybak,M
AU - Bataille,A
AU - Berger,L
AU - Boell,S
AU - Bosch,J
AU - Clare,FC
AU - Courtois,EA
AU - Crottini,A
AU - Cunningham,AA
AU - Doherty-Bone,TM
AU - Gebresenbet,F
AU - Gower,DJ
AU - Hoglund,J
AU - James,TY
AU - Jenkinson,TS
AU - Kosch,TA
AU - Lambertini,C
AU - Laurila,A
AU - Lin,C-F
AU - Loyau,A
AU - Martel,A
AU - Meurling,S
AU - Miaud,C
AU - Minting,P
AU - Ndriantsoa,S
AU - O'Hanlon,SJ
AU - Pasmans,F
AU - Rakotonanahary,T
AU - Rabemananjara,FCE
AU - Ribeiro,LP
AU - Schmeller,DS
AU - Schmidt,BR
AU - Skerratt,L
AU - Smith,F
AU - Soto-Azat,C
AU - Tessa,G
AU - Toledo,LF
AU - Valenzuela-Sanchez,A
AU - Verster,R
AU - Voeroes,J
AU - Waldman,B
AU - Webb,RJ
AU - Weldon,C
AU - Wombwell,E
AU - Zamudio,KR
AU - Longcore,JE
AU - Garner,TWJ
DO - 10.1038/s41598-018-24472-2
PY - 2018///
SN - 2045-2322
TI - Development and worldwide use of non-lethal, and minimal population-level impact, protocols for the isolation of amphibian chytrid fungi
T2 - Scientific Reports
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24472-2
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58481
VL - 8
ER -