Results
- Showing results for:
- Reset all filters
Search results
-
Journal articleBates KA, Shelton JMG, Mercier VL, et al., 2019,
Captivity and infection by the fungal pathogen batrachochytrium salamandrivorans perturb the amphibian skin microbiome
, Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol: 10, ISSN: 1664-302XThe emerging fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is responsible for the catastrophic decline of European salamanders and poses a threat to amphibians globally. The amphibian skin microbiome can influence disease outcome for several host-pathogen systems, yet little is known of its role in Bsal infection. In addition, many experimental in-vivo amphibian disease studies to date have relied on specimens that have been kept in captivity for long periods without considering the influence of environment on the microbiome and how this may impact the host response to pathogen exposure. We characterized the impact of captivity and exposure to Bsal on the skin bacterial and fungal communities of two co-occurring European newt species, the smooth newt, Lissotriton vulgaris and the great-crested newt, Triturus cristatus. We show that captivity led to significant losses in bacterial and fungal diversity of amphibian skin, which may be indicative of a decline in microbe-mediated protection. We further demonstrate that in both L. vulgaris and T. cristatus, Bsal infection was associated with changes in the composition of skin bacterial communities with possible negative consequences to host health. Our findings advance current understanding of the role of host-associated microbiota in Bsal infection and highlight important considerations for ex-situ amphibian conservation programmes.
-
Journal articleAllegretti JR, Mullish BH, Kelly C, et al., 2019,
The evolution of the use of faecal microbiota transplantation and emerging therapeutic indications.
, Lancet, Vol: 394, Pages: 420-431Developments in high-throughput microbial genomic sequencing and other systems biology techniques have given novel insight into the potential contribution of the gut microbiota to health and disease. As a result, an increasing number of diseases have been characterised by distinctive changes in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota; however, whether such changes are cause, consequence, or incidental to the disease in question remains largely uncertain. Restoration of the gut microbiota to a premorbid state is a key novel therapeutic approach of interest, and faecal microbiota transplantation-the transfer of prescreened stool from healthy donors into the gastrointestinal tract of patients-is gaining increasing importance in both the clinical and research settings. At present, faecal microbiota transplantation is only recommended in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, although a large number of trials are ongoing worldwide exploring other potential therapeutic indications.
-
Conference paperRiaz Z, Wright M, Atkinson S, et al., 2019,
Malignant and cirrhotic ascites demonstrate a similar microbiome profile
, British Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL) Annual Meeting -
Journal articleAllegretti JA, Kassam Z, Carrellas M, et al., 2019,
Fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: A pilot clinical trial
, American Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol: 114, Pages: 1071-1079, ISSN: 1572-0241Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a cholestatic liver disease with no effective medical therapies. A perturbation of the gut microbiota has been described in association with PSC, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been reported to restore the microbiome in other disease states. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the safety, change in liver enzymes, microbiota and metabolomic profiles in PSC patients after FMT.Methods: Open-label pilot study of PSC patients with concurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ALP > 1.5X the upper limit of normal. Participants underwent a single FMT by colonoscopy. Liver enzyme profiles and stool microbiome and metabolomic analysis was conducted at baseline and week 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 post-FMT. The primaryoutcome was safety and secondary outcomes include a decrease in ALP ≥50% from baseline by week 24 post-FMT, as well as stool microbiota (by 16S rRNA gene profiling) and metabonomic dynamics were assessed.Results. Ten patients underwent FMT. Nine patients had ulcerative colitis and 1 with Crohn’s colitis. The mean baseline ALP was 489 U/L. There were no related adverse events. Overall, 30% (3/10) experienced a ≥50% decrease ALP. The diversity increased in all patients post-FMT, as early as week 1 (p<0.01). Importantly, abundance of engrafter operational taxanomic units (OTUs) in patients post-FMT correlated with decreased ALP (p=0.02).Conclusion: To our knowledge, this first study to demonstrate that FMT in PSC is safe. Additionally, increases in bacterial diversity and engraftment may correlate with an improvement in ALP among PSC patients.
-
Journal articleNathwani R, Mullish BH, Kockerling D, et al., 2019,
Recurrent bacteraemia following variceal haemorrhage
, Gut, Vol: 69, Pages: 726-780, ISSN: 0017-5749 -
Conference paperGhani R, Gan C, Mullish BH, et al., 2019,
P13-2 Prevalence of recurrent Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients within a Urology service and introducing the concept of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) as a treatment modality
, British Association of Urological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting, Publisher: SAGE Publications, Pages: 83-85, ISSN: 2051-4158 -
Journal articleAllegretti JR, Kassam Z, Chiang AL, et al., 2019,
621 – Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of obesity: A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 156, Pages: S-129-S-129, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleAllegretti JR, Hurtado J, Carrellas M, et al., 2019,
7 – The icon study: Inflammatory bowel disease and recurrent clostridium difficile infection: Outcomes after fecal microbiota transplantation
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 156, Pages: S-2-S-3, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleChurchward MA, Michaud ER, Blanco JM, et al., 2019,
Sa1924 – Effect of short chain fatty acids on gut-brain axis using a microglial cell model
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 156, Pages: S-455-S-455, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleMcDonald JA, Perez JL, Mullish BH, et al., 2019,
Mo1953 – Growth inhibition of clostridioides difficile by short and medium chain fatty acids
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 156, Pages: S-898-S-898, ISSN: 0016-5085
This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.
General enquiries
For any enquiries about the Microbiome Network at Imperial, please contact: