BibTex format
@article{Connelly:2024:10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960,
author = {Connelly, SV and Brazeau, NF and Msellem, M and Ngasala, BE and Aydemir, Ö and Goel, V and Niaré, K and Giesbrecht, DJ and Popkin-Hall, ZR and Hennelly, CM and Park, Z and Moormann, AM and Ong'echa, JM and Verity, R and Mohammed, S and Shija, SJ and Mhamilawa, LE and Morris, U and Mårtensson, A and Lin, JT and Björkman, A and Juliano, JJ and Bailey, JA},
doi = {10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960},
journal = {medRxiv},
title = {Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoing Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Zanzibar.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960},
year = {2024}
}
RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)
TY - JOUR
AB - The Zanzibar archipelago of Tanzania has become a low-transmission area for Plasmodium falciparum. Despite being considered an area of pre-elimination for years, achieving elimination has been difficult, likely due to a combination of imported infections from mainland Tanzania, and continued local transmission. To shed light on these sources of transmission, we applied highly multiplexed genotyping utilizing molecular inversion probes to characterize the genetic relatedness of 282 P. falciparum isolates collected across Zanzibar and in Bagamoyo District on the coastal mainland from 2016-2018. Overall, parasite populations on the coastal mainland and Zanzibar archipelago remain highly related. However, parasite isolates from Zanzibar exhibit population microstructure due to rapid decay of parasite relatedness over very short distances. This, along with highly related pairs within shehias, suggests ongoing low level local transmission. We also identified highly related parasites across shehias that reflect human mobility on the main island of Unguja and identified a cluster of highly related parasites, suggestive of an outbreak, in the Micheweni district on Pemba island. Parasites in asymptomatic infections demonstrated higher complexity of infection than those in symptomatic infections, but have similar core genomes. Our data support importation as a main source of genetic diversity and contribution to the parasite population on Zanzibar, but they also show local outbreak clusters where targeted interventions are essential to block local transmission. These results highlight the need for preventive measures against imported malaria and enhanced control measures in areas that remain receptive for malaria reemergence due to susceptible hosts and competent vectors.
AU - Connelly,SV
AU - Brazeau,NF
AU - Msellem,M
AU - Ngasala,BE
AU - Aydemir,Ö
AU - Goel,V
AU - Niaré,K
AU - Giesbrecht,DJ
AU - Popkin-Hall,ZR
AU - Hennelly,CM
AU - Park,Z
AU - Moormann,AM
AU - Ong'echa,JM
AU - Verity,R
AU - Mohammed,S
AU - Shija,SJ
AU - Mhamilawa,LE
AU - Morris,U
AU - Mårtensson,A
AU - Lin,JT
AU - Björkman,A
AU - Juliano,JJ
AU - Bailey,JA
DO - 10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960
PY - 2024///
TI - Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoing Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Zanzibar.
T2 - medRxiv
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.15.23285960
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36865135
ER -