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Conference paperSTRACHAN LF, LEAK DJ, LIVINGSTON AG, 1995,
MINIMIZATION OF EXCESS BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN AN EXTRACTIVE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
, 1st European Conference for Young Researchers in Chemical Engineering - The 1995 IChemE Research Event, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 1043-1045 -
Conference paperSTEFANIS SK, LIVINGSTON AG, PISTIKOPOULOS EN, 1995,
A FRAMEWORK FOR MINIMIZING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
, 1st European Conference for Young Researchers in Chemical Engineering - The 1995 IChemE Research Event, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 164-166- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 3
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Conference paperHELLENBRAND R, MANTZAVINOS D, LIVINGSTON AG, et al., 1995,
MECHANISTIC AND KINETIC STUDIES OF CATALYTIC WET OXIDATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES
, 1st European Conference for Young Researchers in Chemical Engineering - The 1995 IChemE Research Event, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 336-338 -
Journal articleBrookes PR, Livingston AG, 1994,
Erratum: Biotreatment of a point-source industrial wastewater arising in 3,4-dichloroaniline manufacture using an extractive membrane bioreactor (Biotechnology Progress (1994) 10, 1, (86-92))
, Biotechnology Progress, Vol: 10, ISSN: 8756-7938- Cite
- Citations: 1
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Journal articleDOUEK RS, LIVINGSTON AG, JOHANSSON AC, et al., 1994,
HYDRODYNAMICS OF AN EXTERNAL-LOOP 3-PHASE AIRLIFT (TPAL) REACTOR
, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE, Vol: 49, Pages: 3719-3737, ISSN: 0009-2509- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 30
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Journal articleDOSSANTOS LMF, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
EXTRACTION AND BIODEGRADATION OF A TOXIC VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUND (1,2-DICHLOROETHANE) FROM WASTE-WATER IN A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
, APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 42, Pages: 421-431, ISSN: 0175-7598- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 28
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Journal articleLIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
EXTRACTIVE MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS - A NEW PROCESS TECHNOLOGY FOR DETOXIFYING CHEMICAL-INDUSTRY WASTEWATERS
, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 60, Pages: 117-124, ISSN: 0268-2575- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 66
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Journal articleBROOKES PR, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
BIOLOGICAL DETOXIFICATION OF A 3-CHLORONITROBENZENE MANUFACTURE WASTE-WATER IN AN EXTRACTIVE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
, WATER RESEARCH, Vol: 28, Pages: 1347-1354, ISSN: 0043-1354- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 35
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Conference paperGIKAS P, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
SPECIFIC ATP CONCENTRATIONS IN FREELY SUSPENDED AND IMMOBILIZED CELLS DEGRADING 3,4-DICHLOROANILINE
, 6th European Congress on Biotechnology (ECB6), Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V, Pages: 489-492, ISSN: 0921-0423 -
Conference paperDOUEK RS, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF AN EXTERNAL-LOOP 3 PHASE AIR-LIFT REACTOR
, 1994 IChemE Research Event Symposium, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 1075-1077 -
Conference paperDOSSANTOS LMF, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
NOVEL ONLINE, NONDISRUPTIVE TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF MEMBRANE ATTACHED BIOFILM THICKNESSES
, 2nd International Symposium on Environmental Biotechnology (ISEB 2), Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 19-21 -
Conference paperBROOKES PR, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
DETOXIFICATION OF POINT-SOURCE INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS USING AN EXTRACTIVE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR-MEMBRANE MASS-TRANSFER
, 2nd International Symposium on Environmental Biotechnology (ISEB 2), Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 98-100 -
Conference paperGIKAS P, LIVINGSTON AG, 1994,
DETERMINATION OF BIOMASS VIABILITY BASED ON ATP AND OXYGEN-UPTAKE MEASUREMENTS
, 2nd International Symposium on Environmental Biotechnology (ISEB 2), Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 95-97 -
Conference paperSTEFANIS SK, PAVASANT P, LIVINGSTON AG, et al., 1994,
TOWARDS A FORMAL SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR WASTE MINIMIZATION
, 1994 IChemE Research Event Symposium, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 428-430 -
Journal articleGIKAS P, LIVINGSTON AG, 1993,
USE OF ATP TO CHARACTERIZE BIOMASS VIABILITY IN FREELY SUSPENDED AND IMMOBILIZED CELL BIOREACTORS
, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING, Vol: 42, Pages: 1337-1351, ISSN: 0006-3592- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 45
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Journal articleGikas P, Livingston AG, 1993,
Use of ATP to characterize biomass viability in freely suspended and immobilized cell bioreactors.
, Biotechnol Bioeng, Vol: 42, Pages: 1337-1351, ISSN: 0006-3592This work describes investigations into the viability of cells growing on 3,4-dichloroaniline (34DCA). Two bioreactors are employed for microbial growth, a continuous stirred tank (CST) bioreactor with a 2-L working volume, and a three-phase air lift (TPAL) bioreactor with a 3-L working volume. Experiments have been performed at several dilution rates between 0.027 and 0.115 h(-1) in the CST bioreactor and between 0.111 and 0.500 h(-1) in the TPAL bioreactor. The specific ATP concentration was calculated at each dilution rate in the suspended biomass in both bioreactors as well as in the immobilized biomass in the TPAL bioreactor. The ATP was extracted from the cells using boiling tris-EDTA buffer (pH 7.75), and the quantity determined using a firefly (bioluminescence) technique. The cultures were inspected under an electron microscope to monitor compositional changes. Results from the CST bioreactor showed that the biomass-specific ATP concentration increases from 0.44 to 1.86 mg ATP g(-1) dry weight (dw) as dilution rate increases from 0.027 to 0.115 h(-1). At this upper dilution rate the cells were washed out. The specific ATP concentration reached a limiting average value of 1.73 mg ATP g(-1) dw, which is assumed to be the quantity of ATP in 100% viable biomass. In the TPAL bioreactor, the ATP level increased with dilution rate in both the immobilized and suspended biomass. The specific ATP concentration in the immobilized biomass increased from approximately 0.051 mg ATP g(-1) dw at dilution rates between 0.111 and 0.200 h(-1) to approximately 0.119 mg ATP g(-1) dw at dilution rates between 0.300 and 0.500 h(-1). This indicates that the immobilized biomass contained a viable cell fraction of around 5%. Based on these results, kinetic data for freely suspended cells should not be applied to the modeling of immobilized cell systems on the assumption that immobilized biomass is 100% viable.
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Journal articleDOSSANTOS LMF, LIVINGSTON AG, 1993,
A NOVEL BIOREACTOR SYSTEM FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS
, APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 40, Pages: 151-157, ISSN: 0175-7598- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 21
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Journal articleBROOKES PR, LIVINGSTON AG, 1993,
POINT-SOURCE DETOXIFICATION OF AN INDUSTRIALLY PRODUCED 3,4-DICHLOROANILINE-MANUFACTURE WASTE-WATER USING A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
, APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 39, Pages: 764-771, ISSN: 0175-7598- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 21
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Journal articleLIVINGSTON AG, ZHANG SF, 1993,
HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF 3-PHASE (GAS-LIQUID SOLID) AIRLIFT REACTORS
, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE, Vol: 48, Pages: 1641-1654, ISSN: 0009-2509- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 78
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Conference paperDOSSANTOS LMF, LIVINGSTON AG, 1993,
NOVEL BIOREACTORS FOR DESTRUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS
, SYMP ON DISTILLATION, Publisher: INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Pages: 324-326, ISSN: 0263-8762- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 8
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