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  • Book chapter
    Ledger ME, Brown LE, Edwards FK, Hudson LN, Milner AM, Woodward Get al., 2013,

    Extreme Climatic Events Alter Aquatic Food Webs: A Synthesis of Evidence from a Mesocosm Drought Experiment

    , ADVANCES IN ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, VOL 48: GLOBAL CHANGE IN MULTISPECIES SYSTEMS, PT 3, Editors: Woodward, OGorman, Publisher: ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC, Pages: 343-395, ISBN: 978-0-12-417199-2
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, Morgan JV, Warner M, 2013,

    Recovering physical property information from subduction plate boundaries using 3D full-waveform seismic inversion

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Wilson DJ, McNeill LC, Henstock T, Westbrook GK, Bangs NL, Tobin HJ, Moore GF, Pickering KT, Saffer DM, Bell RE, Sutherland R, Henrys SAet al., 2013,

    Along-strike and down-dip variations in décollement physical properties relative to input parameters

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Nixon CW, McNeill LC, Henstock T, Bull JM, Bell RE, Christodoulou D, Papatheodorou G, Taylor B, Ferentinos G, Sakellariou D, Lykousis V, Sachpazi M, Ford M, Goodliffe AM, Leeder M, Gawthorpe RL, Collier RE, Clements Bet al., 2013,

    Basin evolution, organization of faulting and the distribution of displacement within the Gulf of Corinth rift

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Journal article
    Rognes ME, Ham DA, Cotter CJ, McRae ATTet al., 2013,

    Automating the solution of PDEs on the sphere and other manifolds in FEniCS 1.2

    , Geoscientific Model Development, Vol: 6, Pages: 2099-2119
  • Conference paper
    Lee K-H, Barnham KWJ, Roberts JS, Fuehrer M, Alonso-Alvarez D, Ekins-Daukes NJet al., 2013,

    Dual-Junction Solar Cells With Multiple-Quantum-Well Top Cells

    , 9th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV), Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 45-47, ISSN: 0094-243X
  • Conference paper
    Fuehrer M, Farrell D, Ekins-Daukes N, 2013,

    CPV Modelling With <i>Solcore</i>: An Extensible Modelling Framework For The Rapid Computational Simulation And Evaluation Of Solar Cell Designs And Concepts

    , 9th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV), Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 34-37, ISSN: 0094-243X
  • Conference paper
    Chiong MS, Rajoo S, Costall AW, Salim WS-IBW, Romagnoli A, Martinez-Botas RFet al., 2013,

    ASSESSMENT OF CYCLE AVERAGED TURBOCHARGER MAPS THROUGH ONE DIMENSIONAL AND MEAN-LINE COUPLED CODES

    , ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Publisher: AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
  • Conference paper
    Cicciotti M, Geist S, Schild A, Martinez-Botas RF, Romagnoli A, Thornhill NFet al., 2013,

    Systematic one zone meanline modelling of centrifugal compressors for industrial online applications

    , ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, June 3-7 2013, paper GT2013/95821

    For developing model-based online applications such as condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance or real-time optimization, highly representative and yet simple physical models of centrifugal compressors are necessary. Previous investigations have shown that in this context meanline models represent a valid alternative to the commonly used empirical based modelling methodologies such as polynomial regression models or artificial neural networks. This paper provides a methodology for tailoring meanline models to multistage centrifugal compressors by appropriate selection and adaptation of loss correlations. Guidelines for the selection of the boundary conditions are also provided. The potential of the methodology is demonstrated in the Proof-of-concept section using two sets of data obtained from an air multistage centrifugal compressor operated in BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. The first set of data was used to calibrate the model whereas the second one was used for validation. The model results show that the predictions of stagnation temperature and pressure at the outlet of the stage deviate from the measurements respectively 0.15-3% and of 0.66-1.1% respectively. The results are discussed in the current paper. Copyright © 2013 by ASME.
  • Conference paper
    Cao T, Xu L, Yang M, Martinez-Botas RFet al., 2013,

    RADIAL TURBINE ROTOR RESPONSE TO PULSATING INLET FLOWS

    , ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Publisher: AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
  • Conference paper
    Newton P, Romagnoli A, Martinez-Botas R, Copeland C, Seiler Met al., 2013,

    A METHOD OF MAP EXTRAPOLATION FOR UNEQUAL AND PARTIAL ADMISSION IN A DOUBLE ENTRY TURBINE

    , ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Publisher: AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
  • Conference paper
    Vire A, Xiang J, Piggott M, Spinneken J, Pain Cet al., 2013,

    Numerical Modelling of Fluid-structure Interactions for Floating Wind Turbine Foundations

    , Twenty-third International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Pages: 377-382

    The aim of this study is to model the interactions between fluids and solids using fully nonlinear models. Non-linearity is important in the context of floating wind turbines, for example, to model breaking waves impacting on the structure and the effect of the solid’s elasticity. In this work, the fluid- and solid-dynamics equations are solved using separate finite-element models, which are coupled at every time step. This enables the mutual interactions between fluids and moving solids to be modelled. Importantly, the coupling algorithm ensures that the action-reaction principle is satisfied at a discrete level, independently of the order of representation of the discrete fields in each model. To the authors’ knowledge, the present algorithm is novel in that it can simultaneously handle (i) non-matching fluid and solid meshes, (ii) different polynomial orders of the basis functions on each mesh, and (iii) different fluid and solid time steps. Results are shown for: (i) a bottom-mounted pile subjected to small-amplitude waves in a numerical wave tank, and (ii) a truncated pile floating at an interface between air and water.
  • Book chapter
    Slade R, Bauen A, 2013,

    Biomass use on a global scale

    , Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, Publisher: Springer
  • Book chapter
    St John FAV, Keane AM, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,

    Effective conservation depends on understanding human behaviour

    , Key Topics in Conservation Biology 2, Editors: Macdonald, Willis, Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, ISBN: 978-0-470-65875-8
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, Jackson CA-L, Elliott G, Gawthorpe RL, Michelsen L, Sharp IRet al., 2013,

    Reconstructing rift geometry to gain insights into major unconformity development associated with Late Jurassic rifting in the Halten Terrace, offshore Norway

    , 30th IAS Meeting of Sedimentology
  • Software
    AMCG, 2013,

    Fluidity/The Imperial College Ocean Model
  • Journal article
    Jacobs CT, Collins GS, Piggott MD, Kramer SC, Wilson CRGet al., 2013,

    Multiphase flow modelling of volcanic ash particle settling in water using adaptive unstructured meshes

    , Geophysical Journal International, Vol: 192, Pages: 647-665

    Small-scale experiments of volcanic ash particle settling in water have demonstrated that ash particles can either settle slowly and individually, or rapidly and collectively as a gravitationally unstable ash-laden plume. This has important implications for the emplacement of tephra deposits on the seabed. Numerical modelling has the potential to extend the results of laboratory experiments to larger scales and explore the conditions under which plumes may form and persist, but many existing models are computationally restricted by the fixed mesh approaches that they employ. In contrast, this paper presents a new multiphase flow model that uses an adaptive unstructured mesh approach. As a simulation progresses, the mesh is optimized to focus numerical resolution in areas important to the dynamics and decrease it where it is not needed, thereby potentially reducing computational requirements. Model verification is performed using the method of manufactured solutions, which shows the correct solution convergence rates. Model validation and application considers 2-D simulations of plume formation in a water tank which replicate published laboratory experiments. The numerically predicted settling velocities for both individual particles and plumes, as well as instability behaviour, agree well with experimental data and observations. Plume settling is clearly hindered by the presence of a salinity gradient, and its influence must therefore be taken into account when considering particles in bodies of saline water. Furthermore, individual particles settle in the laminar flow regime while plume settling is shown (by plume Reynolds numbers greater than unity) to be in the turbulent flow regime, which has a significant impact on entrainment and settling rates. Mesh adaptivity maintains solution accuracy while providing a substantial reduction in computational requirements when compared to the same simulation performed using a fixed mesh, highlighting the benefits of an adapt
  • Journal article
    Hassan MHA, Johnson HD, Allison PA, Abdullah WHet al., 2013,

    Sedimentology and stratigraphic development of the upper Nyalu Formation (Early Miocence), Sarawak, Malaysia: A mixed wave and tide influenced coastal system

    , Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
  • Journal article
    Hayes-Labruto L, Schillebeeckx SJD, Workman M, Shah Net al., 2013,

    Contrasting Perspectives on China's Rare Earth Policies: Reframing the Debate through a Stakeholder Lens

    , Energy Policy

    This article critically compares China’s rare earth policy with perspectives upheld in the rest of the world (ROW). We introduce rare earth elements and their importance for energy and present how China and the ROW are framing the policy debate. We find strongly dissonant views with regards to motives for foreign direct investment, China’s two-tiered pricing structure and its questionable innovation potential. Using the metaphor of “China Inc.”, we compare the Chinese government to a socially responsible corporation that aims to balance the needs of its internal stakeholders with the demands from a resource-dependent world. We find that China’s internal stakeholders have more power and legitimacy in the REE debate than the ROW and reconceptualise various possible mitigation strategies that could change current international policy and market dynamics. As such, we aim to reframe the perspectives that seem to govern the West and argue in favour of policy formation that explicitly acknowledges China’s triple bottom line ambitions and encourages the ROW to engage with China in a more nuanced manner.
  • Journal article
    Allen PA, Armitage JJ, Carter A, Duller RA, Michael NA, Sinclair HD, Whitchurch ALet al., 2013,

    The Qs problem: Sediment volumetric balance of proximal foreland basin systems

    , SEDIMENTOLOGY, Vol: 60, Pages: 102-130
  • Journal article
    Vaissier V, Barnes P, Kirkpatrick J, Nelson Jet al., 2013,

    Influence of polar medium on the reorganization energy of charge transfer between dyes in a dye sensitized film

    , PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 15, Pages: 4804-4814, ISSN: 1463-9076
  • Journal article
    Brandt A, Grasvik J, Hallett JP, Welton Tet al., 2013,

    Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids

    , Green Chem., Vol: 15, Pages: 550-583-550-583

    This paper reviews the application of ionic liquids to the deconstruction and fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass, in a process step that is commonly called pretreatment. It is divided into four parts: the first gives background information on lignocellulosic biomass and ionic liquids; the second focuses on the solubility of lignocellulosic biomass (and the individual biopolymers within it) in ionic liquids; the third emphasises the deconstruction effects brought about by the use of ionic liquids as a solvent; the fourth part deals with practical considerations regarding the design of ionic liquid based deconstruction processes.
  • Journal article
    Khatiwala S, Tanhua T, Fletcher SM, Gerber M, Doney SC, Graven HD, Gruber N, McKinley GA, Murata A, Rios AF, Sabine CLet al., 2013,

    Global ocean storage of anthropogenic carbon

    , BIOGEOSCIENCES, Vol: 10, Pages: 2169-2191, ISSN: 1726-4170
  • Journal article
    Wanninkhof R, Park G-H, Takahashi T, Sweeney C, Feely R, Nojiri Y, Gruber N, Doney SC, McKinley GA, Lenton A, Le Quere C, Heinze C, Schwinger J, Graven H, Khatiwala Set al., 2013,

    Global ocean carbon uptake: magnitude, variability and trends

    , BIOGEOSCIENCES, Vol: 10, Pages: 1983-2000, ISSN: 1726-4170
  • Journal article
    Yver CE, Graven HD, Lucas DD, Cameron-Smith PJ, Keeling RF, Weiss RFet al., 2013,

    Evaluating transport in the WRF model along the California coast

    , ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Vol: 13, Pages: 1837-1852, ISSN: 1680-7316
  • Journal article
    Papworth S, Milner-Gulland EJ, Slocombe K, 2013,

    Correction: Hunted Woolly Monkeys (Lagothrix poeppigii) Show Threat-Sensitive Responses to Human Presence.

    , PLoS One, Vol: 8

    [This corrects the article on p. e62000 in vol. 8.].
  • Journal article
    Wang H, Prentice IC, Ni J, 2013,

    Data-based modelling and environmental sensitivity of vegetation in China

    , BIOGEOSCIENCES, Vol: 10, Pages: 5817-5830, ISSN: 1726-4170
  • Journal article
    Howe C, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,

    Response to Cunningham, S. and King, L. (2013)

    , Animal Conservation, Vol: 16, Pages: 139-140
  • Journal article
    Troxler Y, Wu B, Marinescu M, Yufit V, Patel Y, Marquis AJ, Brandon NP, Offer GJet al., 2013,

    The effect of thermal gradients on the performance of lithium ion batteries

    , Journal of Power Sources, Pages: accepted-accepted, ISSN: 0378-7753

    Abstract An experimental apparatus is described, in which Peltier elements are used for thermal control of lithium-ion cells under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions, i.e. to induce and maintain thermal gradients. Lithium-ion battery packs for automotive applications consist of hundreds of cells, and depending on the pack architecture, individual cells may experience non-uniform thermal boundary conditions. This paper presents the first study of the impact of artificially induced thermal gradients on cell performance. The charge transfer resistance of a 4.8 Ah is verified to have a strong temperature dependence following the Arrhenius law. Thermal cycling of the cell, combined with slow rate cyclic voltammetry, allows to rapidly identify phase transitions in electrodes, due to the thermal effect of entropy changes. A cell with a temperature gradient maintained across is found to have a lower impedance than one held at the theoretical average temperature. This feature is attributed to details of the inner structure of the cell, and to the non-linear temperature dependence of the charge transfer resistance.
  • Conference paper
    Markall GR, Rathgeber F, Mitchell L, Loriant N, Bertolli C, Kelly PHJet al., 2013,

    Performance-Portable Finite Element Assembly Using PyOP2 and FEniCS

    , International Supercomputing Conference (ISC), Publisher: Springer, Pages: 279-289, ISSN: 0302-9743

    We describe a toolchain that provides a fully automated compilation pathway from a finite element domain-specific language to low-level code for multicore and GPGPU platforms. We demonstrate that the generated code exceeds the performance of the best available alternatives, without requiring manual tuning or modification of the generated code. The toolchain can easily be integrated with existing finite element solvers, providing a means to add performance portable methods without having to rebuild an entire complex implementation from scratch.

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