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  • Conference paper
    Merlin MMC, Judge PD, Green TC, Mitcheson PD, Moreno F, Dyke Ket al., 2014,

    Alternate Arm Converter Operation of the Modular Multilevel Converter

    , IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 1924-1930, ISSN: 2329-3721
  • Journal article
    Jiang H, Kiziroglou ME, D C Yates, Yeatman EMet al., 2014,

    A Motion-Powered Piezoelectric Pulse Generator for Wireless Sensing via FM Transmission

    , IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol: Under Review
  • Conference paper
    Gan CK, Lee YM, Pudjianto D, Strbac Get al., 2014,

    Role of Losses in Design of DC Cable for Solar PV Applications

    , Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), Publisher: IEEE
  • Conference paper
    Al-Radhawi MA, Angeli D, 2014,

    Robust Lyapunov Functions for Complex Reaction Networks: An Uncertain System Framework

    , 53rd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 3101-3106, ISSN: 0743-1546
  • Conference paper
    Luth T, Merlin M, Green T, 2014,

    A DC/DC Converter Suitable for HVDC Applications with Large Step-ratios

    , IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 5331-5338, ISSN: 2329-3721
  • Conference paper
    Silversides R, Green T, Merlin MMC, 2014,

    A High Density Converter for Mid Feeder Voltage Regulation of Low Voltage Distribution Feeders

    , IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 1972-1978, ISSN: 2329-3721
  • Conference paper
    Riverso S, Boem F, Ferrari-Trecate G, Parisini Tet al., 2014,

    Fault Diagnosis and Control-reconfiguration in Large-scale Systems: a Plug-and-Play Approach

    , 53rd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 4977-4982, ISSN: 0743-1546
  • Conference paper
    Kkelis G, Lawson J, Yates DC, Pinuela M, Mitcheson PDet al., 2014,

    Integration of a Class-E Low dv/dt Rectifer in a Wireless Power Transfer System

    , IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 68-71
  • Journal article
    Segundo Sevilla FR, Jaimoukha I, Chaudhuri B, Korba Pet al., 2014,

    Fault-tolerant Control Design to Enhance Damping of Inter-areaOscillations in Power Grids

    , International Journal in Robust and Nonlinear Control, Accepted

    In this paper, passive and active approaches for the design of fault-tolerant controllers (FTCs) are presented. The FTCs are used to improve the damping of inter-area oscillations in a power grid. The effectiveness of using a combination of local and remote (wide area) feedback signals is first demonstrated. The challenge is then to guarantee a minimum level of dynamic performance following a loss of remote signals. The designs are based on regional pole placement using linear matrix inequalities. First, a passive FTC is proposed. It is shown that the computation of the controller reduces to the solution of bilinear matrix inequalities. An iterative procedure is then used to design the controller. Next, as an alternative to active, time-varying controllers,one for each fault scenario, we propose an approach for the design of a ’minimal switching’ FTC in which only one controller is designed, but where a simple switch is incorporated into the controller structure. A case study in a linear and nonlinear Nordic equivalent system is presented to show that the closed-loop response using a conventional control design could deteriorate the performance or even destabilize the system if the remote signals are lost and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FTC designs.
  • Journal article
    Toh TT, Wright SW, Kiziroglou ME, Mitcheson PD, Yeatman EMet al., 2014,

    A dual polarity, cold-starting interface circuit for heat storage energy harvesters

    , Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol: 211, Pages: 38-44, ISSN: 0924-4247
  • Journal article
    Shuo Y, Tan S-C, Lee CK, Hui SYRet al., 2014,

    Electric Spring for Power Quality Improvement

    , 2014 TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC), Pages: 2140-+, ISSN: 1048-2334
  • Conference paper
    Sheridan CE, Merlin MMC, Green TC, 2014,

    Reduced Dynamic Model of the Alternate Arm Converter

    , IEEE 15th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), Publisher: IEEE, ISSN: 2151-0997
  • Conference paper
    Yang Y, Mok K-T, Tan S-C, Hui SYRet al., 2014,

    Low-Power Wind Energy Conversion System with Variable Structure Control for DC Grids

    , IEEE 5th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), Publisher: IEEE, ISSN: 2329-5759
  • Conference paper
    Padoan A, Astolfi A, 2014,

    Model reduction by moment matching for ZIP systems

    , 53rd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 3631-3636, ISSN: 0743-1546
  • Journal article
    Lee CK, Tan SC, Wu FF, Hui SYR, Chaudhuri Bet al., 2013,

    Use of Hooke's law for stabilizing future smart grid the electric spring concept

    , 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2013, Pages: 5253-5257

    Hooke's law for mechanical springs was developed in the 17th century. Recently, new power electronics devices named electric springs have been developed for providing voltage regulation for distribution networks and allowing the load demand to follow power generation. This paper summarizes recent R&D on electric springs and their potential functions for future smart grid. Electric springs can be associated with electric appliances, forming a new generation of smart loads which can adapt according to the availability of power from renewable energy sources. When massively distributed over the power grid, they could provide highly distributed and robust support for the smart grid, similar to the arrays of mechanical springs supporting a mattress. Thus, the 3-century old Hooke's law in fact provides a powerful solution to solving some key Smart Grid problems in the 21st Century. © 2013 IEEE.
  • Conference paper
    Bottrell N, Green TC, 2013,

    An impedance-based method for the detection of over-load and network faults in inverter interfaced distributed generation

    An impedance-based method is presented for detecting and differentiating over-load and fault conditions for an inverter-interfaced power generator. When the observed impedance falls below a threshold, current limiting occurs. The impedance-based method, unlike other current limiting strategies, is able to differentiate between an over-load and a network fault. The inverter presented in this paper exports a fixed current for detected over-loads and a higher fixed current for detected faults. An experimental system using a 10 kVA inverter was used to test three cases. The first demonstrates the response of the inverter when the impedance of the load is gradually decreased. The second demonstrates the output of the inverter when a three-phase fault is applied and the third demonstrates the output when a single-phase fault is applied. The impedance-based method is shown to be able to ride-thought the fault and return to normal operation once the fault has been cleared. © 2013 IEEE.
  • Conference paper
    Falugi P, Mayne DQ, 2013,

    Tracking a periodic reference using nonlinear model predictive control

    , IEEE Conference on decision and Control, Pages: 5096-6000, ISSN: 0743-1546
  • Conference paper
    Nunna K, Toh TT, Mitcheson PD, Astolfi Aet al., 2013,

    Sensorless Estimation and Nonlinear Control of a Rotational Energy Harvester

    , The 13th International Conference on Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Applications (PowerMEMS 2013)
  • Report
    Singh AK, Pal BC, 2013,

    IEEE PES Task Force on Benchmark Systems for Stability Controls - Report on the 68-Bus, 16-Machine, 5-Area System

    , Publisher: IEEE Power and Energy Society

    This report refers to a small-signal stability study carried over the 68-Bus, 16-Machine, 5-Area Sys-tem and validated on a widely known software package: MATLAB-Simulink (ver. 2012b). The 68-bus sys-tem is a reduced order equivalent of the inter-connected New England test system (NETS) and New York power system (NYPS), with five geographical regions out of which NETS and NYPS are represented by a group of generators whereas, the power import from each of the three other neighboring areas are approxi-mated by equivalent generator models. This report has the objective to show how the simulation of this system must be done using MATLAB in order to get results that are comparable (and exhibit a good match with respect to the electromechanical modes) with the ones obtained using other commercial software packages and presented on the PES Task Force website on Benchmark Systems for Stability Controls (http://www.sel.eesc.usp.br/ieee/).
  • Journal article
    Meisel J, Shabbir W, Evangelou SA, 2013,

    Evaluation of the through-the-road architecture for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrains

    , 2013 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference, IEVC 2013

    This paper investigates the through-the-road (TTR) powertrain architecture and its suitability for plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs) in the passenger vehicle category. The advantages and disadvantages of this architecture with respect to cost, sizing, control and manufacturability are contrasted against those of conventional architectures. The comparison extends into powertrain configurations used in recent commercial vehicles, such as the Toyota Prius and the Chevrolet Volt. The research includes the characterization of the mechanical dynamics and constraint equations of each architecture to quantify the control requirements. It is found that the TTR architecture excels in terms of manufacturability, and its ability to blend the motor and engine torques independently. © 2013 IEEE.
  • Conference paper
    Pudjianto D, Castro M, Strbac G, Gaxiola Eet al., 2013,

    Transmission infrastructure investment requirements in the future European low-carbon electricity system

    , ISSN: 2165-4077

    This paper presents case studies projecting European cross-border electricity transmission infrastructure requirements for a range of future European electricity system scenarios. In calculating the requirements and to attain to the least cost solution, we use a Dynamic System Investment Model. The optimization model minimizes the total investment and operating costs taking into account: (i) the coordination needed between generation and transmission investment; (ii) the need to maintain reliability and feasibility of system operation; and (iii) the applications of load control technology. The model has been used to quantify the transmission requirements for five different European future generation and demand scenarios developed in the 'Infrastructure Roadmap for Energy Networks in Europe', IRENE-40, FP7 project. These include Business-as-Usual, Renewable, DESERTEC, CCS, and the High Efficiency pathways. This paper also presents a discussion on the plausible network technologies to fulfill the requirements and the potential benefits of demand side management in reducing the capacity requirements. © 2013 IEEE.
  • Journal article
    Aunedi M, Kountouriotis P-A, Calderon JEO, Angeli D, Strbac Get al., 2013,

    Economic and Environmental Benefits of Dynamic Demand in Providing Frequency Regulation

    , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, Vol: 4, Pages: 2036-2048, ISSN: 1949-3053
  • Journal article
    Kiziroglou ME, Elefsiniotis A, Wright SW, Toh TT, Mitcheson PD, Becker T, Yeatman EMet al., 2013,

    Performance of phase change materials for heat storage thermoelectric harvesting

    , Applied Physics Letters, Vol: 103, ISSN: 1077-3118

    Heat storage energy harvesting devices have promise as independent power sources for wireless aircraft sensors. These generate energy from the temperature variation in time during flight. Previously reported devices use the phase change of water for heat storage, hence restricting applicability to instances with ground temperature above 0 °C. Here, we examine the use of alternative phase change materials (PCMs). A recently introduced numerical model is extended to include phase change inhomogeneity, and a PCM characterization method is proposed. A prototype device is presented, and two cases with phase changes at approximately −9.5 °C and +9.5 °C are studied.
  • Conference paper
    Elliott ADT, Dicken J, Miller LM, Wright PK, Mitcheson PDet al., 2013,

    Scheme for improved integration and lifetime for piezoelectric energy harvesters

    , IEEE Sensors, Pages: 1-4

    The power output of piezo harvesters can be significantly increased by using charge modification techniques such as piezoelectric pre-biasing or synchronous switched harvesting, but in order to achieve a significant power gain high Q electrical resonant circuits must be used. For integrated systems with a significant size constraint, or in systems using on-chip inductors, achieving high Q can be difficult. Here we present an improved interface circuit which performs better than all previously presented techniques, especially in cases where the Q-factor of the resonant circuit is low. This has the added advantage of extending the useful life of the harvester because repeated cycling reduces the quality of the piezoelectric film, increasing the series resistance and lowering the electrical Q and the performance. Maximum power extraction by this new circuit is also less sensitive to the supply rail voltage than previously presented implementations, which reduces control power overhead.
  • Journal article
    Bottrell N, Prodanovic M, Green TC, 2013,

    Dynamic Stability of a Microgrid With an Active Load

    , IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol: 28, Pages: 5107-5119, ISSN: 1941-0107

    Rectifiers and voltage regulators acting as constant power loads form an important part of amicrogrid’s total load. In simplified form, they present a negative incremental resistance and beyondthat, they have control loop dynamics in a similar frequency range to the inverters that may supply amicrogrid. Either of these features may lead to a degradation of small-signal damping. It is known thatdroop control constants need to be chosen with regard to damping, even with simple impedance loads.Actively controlled rectifiers have been modelled in non-linear state-space form, linearised around anoperating point, and joined to network and inverter models. Participation analysis of the eigenvalues ofthe combined system identified that the low-frequency modes are associated with the voltage controllerof the active rectifier and the droop-controllers of the inverters. The analysis also reveals that whenthe active load DC-voltage controller is designed with large gains, the voltage controller of the inverterbecomes unstable. This dependency has been verified by observing the response of an experimentalmicrogrid to step changes in power demand. Achieving a well-damped response with a conservativestability margin does not compromise normal active rectifier design, but notice should be taken of theinverter-rectifier interaction identified.
  • Journal article
    Papadaskalopoulos D, Strbac G, Mancarella P, Aunedi M, Stanojevic Vet al., 2013,

    Decentralized Participation of Flexible Demand in Electricity Markets-Part II: Application With Electric Vehicles and Heat Pump Systems

    , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, Vol: 28, Pages: 3667-3674, ISSN: 0885-8950
  • Journal article
    Papadaskalopoulos D, Strbac G, 2013,

    Decentralized Participation of Flexible Demand in Electricity Markets-Part I: Market Mechanism

    , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, Vol: 28, Pages: 3658-3666, ISSN: 0885-8950
  • Conference paper
    Kuenzel S, Kunjumuhammed LP, Pal BC, 2013,

    Frequency Response Capability of the GB System in 2030

    , London, UK, 12th International Workshop on Large-scale Integration of Wind Power into Power Systems as well as on Transmission Networks for Offshore Wind Power Plants, Publisher: Energynautics GmbH
  • Conference paper
    Meisel J, Shabbir W, Evangelou SA, 2013,

    A Practical Control Methodology for Parallel Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrains

    , The 9th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)
  • Journal article
    Bettiol P, Boccia A, Vinter RB, 2013,

    Stratified Necessary Conditions for Differential Inclusions with State Constraints

    , SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, Vol: 51, Pages: 3903-3917, ISSN: 1095-7138

    The concept of stratified necessary conditions for optimal control problems, whose dynamic constraint is formulated as a differential inclusion, was introduced by F. H. Clarke. These are conditions satisfied by a feasible state trajectory that achieves the minimum value of the cost over state trajectories whose velocities lie in a time-varying open ball of specified radius about the velocity of the state trajectory of interest. Considering different radius functions stratifies the interpretation of “minimizer.” In this paper we prove stratified necessary conditions for optimal control problems involving pathwise state constraints. As was shown by Clarke in the state constraint-free case, we find that, also in our more general setting, the stratified necessary conditions yield generalizations of earlier optimality conditions for unbounded differential inclusions as simple corollaries. Some examples are provided, giving insights into the nature of the hypotheses invoked for the derivation of stratified necessary conditions and into the scope for their further refinement.

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